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| The Roman Emperors |
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| The Julio-Claudians |
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Augustus |
27 BC-AD 14 |
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Agrippa |
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Tiberius |
AD 14-37 |
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Caligula |
AD 37-41 |
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Nero & Drusus Caesars |
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Claudius |
AD 41-54 |
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Nero |
AD 54-68 |
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| Civil War of AD 68-69 |
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Galba |
AD 68-69 |
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Otho |
AD 69 |
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Vitellius |
AD 69 |
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| The Flavians |
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Vespasian |
AD 69-79 |
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Titus |
AD 79-81 |
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Domitian |
AD 81-96 |
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| The Adoptive Emperors |
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Nerva |
AD 96-98 |
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Trajan |
AD 98-117 |
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Hadrian |
AD 117-138 |
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Aelius |
(Caesar, AD 136-138) |
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| The Antonines |
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Antoninus Pius |
AD 138-161 |
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Faustina Senior |
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Marcus Aurelius |
AD 161-180 |
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Lucius Verus |
AD 161-169 |
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Commodus |
AD 177-192 |
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| Civil War of AD 193-197 |
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Pertinax |
AD 193 |
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Didius Julianus |
AD 193 |
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Pescennius Niger |
AD 193-194 |
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Clodius Albinus |
AD 195-197 |
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| The Severan-Emesan Dynasty |
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Septimius Severus |
AD 193-211 |
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Julia Domna |
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Caracalla |
AD 198-217 |
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Plautilla |
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Geta |
AD 209-211 |
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Macrinus |
AD 217-218 |
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Diadumenian |
AD 218 |
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Elagabalus |
AD 218-222 |
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Julia Maesa |
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Severus Alexander |
AD 222-235 |
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| Crisis and Decline |
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Maximinus I Thrax |
AD 235-238 |
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Maximus |
(Caesar, AD 235-238) |
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Gordian I |
AD 238 |
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Gordian II |
AD 238 |
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Balbinus |
AD 238 |
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Pupienus |
AD 238 |
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Gordian III |
AD 238-244 |
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Philip I 'the Arab' |
AD 244-249 |
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Otacilia Severa |
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Philip II |
AD 247-249 |
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Trajan Decius |
AD 249-251 |
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Hostilian |
AD 251 |
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Herennius Etruscus |
AD 251 |
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Trebonianus Gallus |
AD 251-253 |
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Volusian |
AD 251-253 |
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Aemilian |
AD 253 |
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Valerian I |
AD 253-260 |
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Gallienus |
AD 253-268 |
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Valerian II |
(Caesar, AD 256-258) |
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Saloninus |
AD 260 |
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Macrianus |
AD 260-261 |
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Quietus |
AD 260-261 |
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| Recovery of the Empire |
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Claudius II 'Gothicus' |
AD 268-270 |
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Quintillus |
AD 270 |
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Aurelian |
AD 270-275 |
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Tacitus |
AD 275-276 |
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Florian |
AD 276 |
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Probus |
AD 276-282 |
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Carus |
AD 282-283 |
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Numerian |
AD 283-284 |
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Carinus |
AD 283-285 |
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| The Separatist Empires |
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| Romano-Gallic Empire |
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Postumus |
AD 260-269 |
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Laelianus |
AD 269 |
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Marius |
AD 269 |
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Victorinus |
AD 269-271 |
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Tetricus I |
AD 271-274 |
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Tetricus II |
AD 274 |
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| The Kingdom of Palmyra |
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Vabalathus |
AD 270-272 |
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| Romano-British Empire |
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Carausius |
AD 286-293 |
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Allectus |
AD 293-297 |
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| The Tetrarchy |
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Diocletian |
AD 284-305 |
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Maximian |
AD 286-310 |
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Constantius I 'Chlorus' |
AD 305-306 |
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Galerius |
AD 305-311 |
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Severus II |
AD 306-307 |
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Maxentius |
AD 307-312 |
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Maximinus II Daia |
AD 310-313 |
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| The Constantinian Era |
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Licinius I |
AD 308-324 |
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Licinius II |
(Caesar, AD 317-324) |
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Constantine I 'the Great' |
AD 307-337 |
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Crispus |
(Caesar, AD 316-326) |
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Delmatius |
(Caesar, AD 335-337) |
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Constantine II |
AD 337-340 |
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Constans |
AD 337-350 |
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Constantius II |
AD 337-361 |
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Magnentius |
AD 350-353, usurper |
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Decentius |
AD 350-353, usurper |
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Constantius Gallus |
(Caesar, AD 351-354) |
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Vetranio |
AD 350 |
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Nepotian |
AD 350, usurper |
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Julian II 'the Apostate' |
AD 360-363 |
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Jovian |
AD 363-364 |
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| The Empire Divided |
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| Western Roman Empire |
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Valentinian I |
AD 364-375 |
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Gratian |
AD 367-383 |
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Valentinian II |
AD 375-392 |
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Magnus Maximus |
AD 383-388, usurper |
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Flavius Victor |
AD 387-388, usurper |
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Eugenius |
AD 392-394, usurper |
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Honorius |
AD 393-423 |
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Constantine III |
AD 407-411, usurper |
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Priscus Attalus (1st reign) |
AD 409-410, usurper |
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Constans II |
AD 409-411, usurper |
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Maximus |
AD 409-411, usurper |
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Jovinus |
AD 411-413, usurper |
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Sebastianus |
AD 412-413, usurper |
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Priscus Attalus (2nd reign) |
AD 415-416, usurper |
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Constantius III |
AD 421 |
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Johannes |
AD 423-425, usurper |
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Valentinian III |
AD 425-455 |
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Petronius Maximus |
AD 455, usurper |
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Avitus |
AD 455-456 |
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Majorian |
AD 457-461 |
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Libius Severus (Severus III) |
AD 461-465 |
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Anthemius |
AD 467-472 |
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Olybrius |
AD 472, usurper |
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Glycerius |
AD 473-474, usurper |
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Julius Nepos |
AD 474-480 |
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Romulus Augustulus |
AD 475-476, usurper |
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| Eastern Roman Empire |
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Valens |
AD 364-378 |
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Procopius |
AD 365-366, usurper |
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Theodosius I |
AD 379-395 |
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Arcadius |
AD 383-408 |
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Theodosius II |
AD 402-450 |
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Marcian |
AD 450-457 |
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Leo I |
AD 457-474 |
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Patricius |
(Caesar, AD 470-471) |
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Leo II |
AD 474 |
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Zeno (1st reign) |
AD 474-475 |
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Basiliscus |
AD 475-476, usurper |
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Marcus |
AD 475-476, usurper |
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Zeno (2nd reign) |
AD 476-491 |
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Leo Caesar |
(Caesar, AD 476-477) |
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